Mooc with Tom Pegram

Question 1: How do international organizations contribute to global governance?

a. International organizations facilitate cooperation between countries, provide platforms for dialogue and negotiation, and can offer resources and expertise to address global challenges like poverty, conflicts, and diseases.

b. International organizations primarily function to manage global financial resources and ensure that all countries have equitable financial stability.

c. International organizations are responsible for governing countries and have the authority to enforce laws within individual nations.

d. International organizations mostly work to regulate internet content across different countries to maintain online ethics and digital governance.

Question 2: What are the main obstacles to effective global governance today?

a. The main obstacle is the high cost of internet connectivity which prevents efficient communication between nations.

b. Obstacles include differing national interests and priorities, disparities in power and resources between countries, non-compliance with international norms, and challenges in enforcing global decisions.

c. The only significant obstacle to global governance is the time-zone difference which hinders synchronised decision-making across nations.

d. The primary obstacle is the inability of leaders to travel due to language barriers and cultural differences which prevents effective communication and cooperation.

Question 3: Is global governance equipped to tackle transnational challenges like climate change?

a. While global governance structures, like international organisations and treaties, exist to address transnational challenges like climate change, their effectiveness can be hampered by issues such as varied national interests, enforcement challenges, and geopolitical dynamics.

b. Global governance is fully equipped to handle all aspects of transnational challenges, and climate change issues have largely been resolved through international cooperation.

c. Global governance is irrelevant to addressing transnational challenges like climate change because such issues can only be tackled at a national level.

d. Global governance is only equipped to tackle issues related to international trade and has no mechanisms to address transnational challenges like climate change.

Mooc with Jorge Galán and María Pont

Question 1: A decentralized energy system:

1. Can coexist with the existing centralized system.
2. Involves the implementation of flexibility solutions such as aggregation, energy storage or the activities that energy communities (renewable and citizen) and active clients can carry out.
3. Is going to imply major changes in the current electricity market design.
4. All the answers are correct.

Question 2: Regarding the economic and financial sustainability of the electricity system, which answer is incorrect?

1. The penetration of distributed energy resources reduces payments to the network provider.
2. The penetration of distributed energy resources does not reduce existing network and policy costs.
3. The Renewable Energies Directive recognises the possibility to apply charges and fees to self-generated renewable electricity in any case.
4. High levels of distributed energy resources have an impact on the rest of consumers.

Question 3: Energy communities and self-consumption:

1. Are both legal entities and market participants of the internal market for electricity.
2. Are both activities related to renewable electricity.
3. The first ones are legal entities and the second one is an activity.
4. The first one is an activity and the second one is a legal entity.

Mooc with Fabrizio Pascucci

Question 1: What is Pillar Two about? 

1. Pillar Two is a new global income tax that will replace local income taxes. 
2. Pillar Two is a global minimum tax on corporations set at 15%. 
3. Pillar Two is a global minimum tax on individuals set at 15%. 
4. Pillar Two is a new global tax incentive.  

Question 2: What is the GloBE Effective Tax Rate (ETR)? 

1. The ratio between corporate taxes paid (numerator) and income (denominator). 
2. The ratio between income (numerator) and corporate taxes paid (denominator). 
3. The ratio between tax incentives (numerator) and income (denominator). 
4. The ratio between income (numerator) and tax incentives (denominator). 

Question 3: What are the potential consequences stemming from the introduction of Pillar Two? 

1. EU enterprises will move to China. 
2. Chine enterprises will move to EU. 
3. Tax incentives may become less attractive. 
4. Tax incentives may become more attractive. 

Mooc with Allan F. Tatham

Question 1: In what ways did EU engagement with China help in the latter's accession to the WTO?

a. Acted as a mediator or honest broker between the PRC and the USA.

b. Acknowledged the special status of China as regards its highly centralized and relatively closed system.

c. Recognised that China was a major trade power but outside the WTO trading system.

d. All of the above.

Question 2: Considering all the challenges in PRC-EU bilateral relations, why have the two partners managed to maintain their working relationship?

a. The EU has tended to side with the USA in trade disputed with the PRC.

b. The EU openly recognised China as its systemic rival.

c. The EU and the PRC have a dense network of highly-structured dialogues.

d. The EU has officially accepted that it cannot separate trade issues from geo-strategic and global security issues.

Question 3: EU and PRC collaboration on common projects in the future, including reform of the WTO, is still possible provided:

a. The USA continues to provide unqualified support for the EU in its preferred reform areas.

b. The EU and China focus on common areas on the reform agenda, including e-commerce, SMEs and the WTO dispute settlement mechanism.

c. The PRC accepts that the EU approach to trade diplomacy is the best way forward.

d. The EU threatens China with trade sanctions if it does not accept the reforms proposed by the Union.

Mooc with Elena Masseglia

Question 1: Which are the taxes applicable to importations from China to the EU?

1. Import VAT, customs clearance fees, excise duties.
2. Import VAT and customs clearance fees.
3. Excise duties and customs clearance fees.
4. Import VAT, customs duties, excise duties.

Question 2: Recent EU developments concerning taxes/VAT on imports. Why the exemption for imports of negligible value has been abolished?

1. The revenue were not sufficient.
2. To avoid distortion of competition between suppliers inside and outside the EU and to mitigate losses of tax revenue.
3. There was a competitive advantage for EU suppliers.
4. None of the above.

Question 3: IOSS. Which one of the following sentences is true?

1. The IOSS is mandatory.
2. The IOSS applies to consignments below 22€.
3. In order to use the IOSS, the supplier needs to register in one EU Member State.
4. When the IOSS is used, the VAT is paid at the moment of importation.

Mooc with Luis Rodrigo

Question 1: When was the first trade agreement between the European Commission and China established?

1. 1965.
2. 1978.
3. 1986.
4. 1995.

Question 2: Which one of the following options does not belong to one objective of the BRI?

1. Promoting orderly and free flow of economic factors.
2. Encouraging a higher degree of economic cooperation.
3. Funding a new regional integration political process.
4. Achieving new ways of connectivity between partners.

Question 3: In 2012, China and the European Union began to explore the conclusion of what of the following initiatives?

1. New trade agreement.
2. Military and Defence cooperation agreement.
3. Visa-free agreement for Chinese citizens.
4. Comprehensive Agreement on Investment.

Mooc with Marina Bisogno

Question 1: What are some of the most important benefits of transport electrification?

1. Lower car costs.

2. Less greenhouse gas emissions, better air quality and energy savings.

3. Higher transport performance.

4. More interconnections.

Question 2: Which European act designed an ambitious and holistic roadmap towards a neutral continent?

1. The Fit for 55%.
2. The RepowerEU plan.
3. The European Green Deal.
4. The Low Emission Mobility Strategy.

Question 3: Could taxation play a role in the electrification of transport?

1. No, because it has no incentive effect.

2. Yes, because it could reduce the tax burden on electric vehicles.

3. I do not know.

4. Yes it could, but in the future.

Mooc with José María Beneyto

Question 1: Which are the possibilities of reactivation of the China Comprehensive Investment Agreement?

a. High possibilities due to China’s current importance in the markets.

b. Some possibilities, but there are serious doubts about the approval of the deal in the European Parliament.

c. Very few possibilities due to political tensions.

d. No possibility at all.

Question 2: What are the possible areas of cooperation between the EU and China at this moment and for the foreseeable future?

a. Climate change, trade and multilateral organizations.

b. Trade, industry and climate change.

c. Climate change, investments and industry.

d. Multilateral organizations, trade and investments.

Question 3: How should the EU behave in the current geopolitical confrontation between the US and China?

a. The EU should prioritize the relationship with Western allies, and especially with the US due to the transatlantic relationship.

b. The EU needs to separate the strategic issues and the economic relation with third countries, and therefore remaining and ally of China.

c. The EU should develop a strategy towards China, like Germany did, to remain one of the leading economic powers internationally.

d. In this geopolitical confrontation, there is no doubt that the EU should behave in a neutral way and promote good relations with both countries.

Mooc with Miguel Verdeguer

Question 1: The ICN and the OECD are proving useful for the international Competition community:

a. In a soft manner, by means of recommendations or guidelines.

b. By issuing binding instruments for the jurisdictions involved.

c. Through the drafting of an International Antitrust Code.

d. By acting as a supranational authority that resolves jurisdictional disputes.

Question 2: Soft convergence mechanisms on Competition policy are frequently used by:

a. The European Union. But it is not the case of China.

b. By China. But it is not the case of the EU.

c. By both, the European Union and China.

d. None of the aforementioned jurisdictions.

Question 3: Multijurisdictional cooperation on Competition policy under a Free Trade Agreement covers:

a. Exchanging of information.

b. Technical cooperation for notification purposes or enforcement.

c. Sharing information but just when a case is to be subjected to common review.

d. All of the above could be covered by a FTA.

Mooc with Richard McMahon

Question 1: Why can we use academic publications to research Chinese narratives about relations with the EU?

a. Academics can have an influence on policy.

b. Academic and official policy debates are constrained by similar censorship.

c. Chinese academics have a strong national service ethic.

d. All of the above.

Question 2: What has been the core Chinese narrative about China-EU relations since the 1990s?

a. The divide and rule narrative.

b. The multipolar partnership narrative.

c. The New Cold war narrative.

d. The European sovereignty narrative.

Question 3: Why have Chinese scholars been over-optimistic in their assessment of European sovereignty?

a. Because European sovereignty narratives are being directed against China.

b. Because there are no tensions in the transatlantic relationship.

c. Because they expected the EU to ally with China against the US.

d. Because European sovereignty narratives emphasise the EU’s international projection of military power.

Mooc with Javier Porras

Mooc with Edoardo Traversa

Question 1: What are the main current drivers of EU foreign tax policy ?

a. Harmonizing VAT at a global level.

b. Try to facilitate the establishment of trade relations with developing countries.

c. Counter the economic power of China and the US.

d. Fight against tax avoidance and exchange of information between tax authorities.

Question 2: To what extent China could be a partner of the EU in the area of taxation?

1. On the taxation of the financial sector.
2. To create a World Tax organization within the WTO.
3. To coordinate policies in order to fight against climate change.
4. To propose a draft Charter of the taxpayers’ fundamental rights at the UN level.

Question 3: What are the potential obstacles to further develop tax cooperation between the EU and China?

1. The Belt and Road initiative’s objectives may encroach into EU strategic autonomy.
2. EU Tax concepts are difficult to translate into Chinese.
3. Trade relations between both areas are too weak.
4. The US’s project to create a Customs Union with the EU.

Mooc with Justo Corti

Question 1: Carbon leakage in the context of the EU Emissions Trading System refers...

a. to the situation that may occur if, for reasons of benefits related to climate policies, businesses were to transfer production to countries with higher environmental standards.

b. to the situation that may occur if, for reasons of costs related to climate policies, businesses were to transfer production to other countries with laxer emission constraints.

c. to the situation that may occur if, for reasons of costs related to climate policies, the EU prohibits the transfer of production among EU member states.

d. to the situation that may occur if, for reasons of costs related to human rights policies, businesses were to transfer production to other countries with laxer labour standards.

Question 2: Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism is...

a. a carbon levy linked to the carbon price payable under the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) subjected to the import of certain groups of products from 3rd (non-EU and non-EFTA) countries.

b. a carbon levy linked to the carbon price payable under the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) subjected to the import of all products from EFTA countries.

c. a carbon tax that each EU member state my apply to the import of all products from other EU member states.

d. a new carbon market that will replace the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS). 

Question 3: Is the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) compatible with WTO law?

a. No.

b. Yes.

c. There are strong doubts.

d. WTO law has no relation with CBAM. 

Mooc with Antonio Alonso

Question 1: First of all, how could you describe the current situation in Central Asia?

1. They are independent states since 1991, and they made a transition towards liberal democracy and liberal economy at the same speed.
2. The most developed countries are Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan.
3. Turkmenistan is a Human Rights champion, with higher records than Uzbekistan.
4. The most developed countries are Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.

Question 2: Could you describe the main drivers and factors of EU-Asia Connectivity Strategy (2018) and the New EU Strategy Central Asia (2019)?

1. Central Asian countries are influenced mainly by China and Russia.
2. They try to preserve their independence conducting a multivector policy with many countries.
3. Central Asian countries are influenced mainly by USA and EU.
4. Central Asian countries are influenced mainly by Turkey and Iran.

Question 3: Are they compatible with the BRI?

1. Central Asian countries needs to choose between EU and China.
2. The EU stated that they search a non-exclusive partnership with Central Asian countries.
3. The EU Strategy for CA respects Human Rights as much as BRI does.
4. The Chines “debt trap policy” is just and hoax, is not real.